centos7防火墙firewalld的安装与使用

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centos7防火墙firewalld如何安装?防火墙能有效的过滤掉非授权端口的请求,是保障服务器的第一步。在centos里可以安装诸多防火墙软件,诸如firewalld、iptables、ufw等,不过在centos7中iptables已经废弃不用。本文主要讲诉firewalld的使用。

牢记:想生效 记得reload。firewall-cmd –reload

firewall-cmd –reload

centos7 防火墙firewalld的安装:

yum install firewalld -y

centos7 防火墙firewalld的管理命令:

#启动

systemctl start firewalld.service

#重启

systemctl restart firewalld.service

#设置开机启动

systemctl enable firewalld.service

#关闭开机启动

systemctl disable firewalld.service

centos7 防火墙firewalld 端口的增加:

公共端口增加

firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=80/tcp –permanent

增加一个永久生效的tcp:80端口,–permanent为永久生效,没有此参数重启后失效。

在增加后需要进行重载配置或重启防火墙,否则无法生效。

firewall-cmd –reload

批量增加公共端口

firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=60000-61000/tcp

#批量开放60000-61000的TCP端口

firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=100-500/udp

#批量开放100-500的udp端口

私密端口的增加(指定ip或ip段访问)

firewall-cmd –permanent –add-rich-rule=”rule family=”ipv4″ source address=”192.168.0.1/16″ accept”

#允许192.168.0.1/16 访问全部端口

firewall-cmd –permanent –add-rich-rule=”rule family=”ipv4″ source address=”192.168.0.3″ accept”

#允许192.168.0.3 访问全部端口

firewall-cmd –permanent –add-rich-rule=”rule family=”ipv4″ source address=”192.168.0.3″ port protocol=”tcp” port=”12345″ accept”

#允许192.168.0.3 访问TCP:12345端口

centos7 防火墙firewalld 端口的查看

firewall-cmd –list-all

#列出所有开放的端口(含私密)记住此条即可

firewall-cmd –zone=public –list-ports

#仅列出public公共端口

centos7 防火墙firewalld 端口的删除:

删除单个公共端口

firewall-cmd –zone=public –remove-port=80/tcp –permanent

删除ip段等自定义规则

#先list-all查看

firewall-cmd –list-all

#然后

firewall-cmd –permanent –remove-rich-rule=”列出的规则直接复制于此”

例: firewall-cmd –permanent –remove-rich-rule=”firewall-cmd –permanent –add-rich-rule=”rule family=”ipv4″ source address=”192.168.0.1/19″ accept””

即: firewall-cmd –permanent –remove-rich-rule=””

centos7 防火墙firewalld 禁止ping:

firewall-cmd –add-rich-rule=”rule protocol value=icmp drop” –permanent

牢记:想生效 记得reload。firewall-cmd –reload